Describe how to prepare for and perform the trans-sinus pinning technique used for the correction of wry (scissor) beak in a three-month-old blue and gold macaw

1. Answer all parts of this question:
a) Describe how to prepare for and perform the trans-sinus pinning technique used
for the correction of wry (scissor) beak in a three-month-old blue and gold
macaw. Include in your answer how long you would expect it to take for the
treatment to have an effect. (10 marks)
b) ‘Constricted toe’ syndrome is a common problem in juvenile parrots, especially
macaws, that have been hand-reared. Discuss the current knowledge of its
aetiology and describe the preferred treatment regime. (10 marks)
c) List the clinical signs of stunting in a hand-reared chick. Explain how it occurs,
how it should be treated, and how to monitor response to that treatment.
(10 marks)
2. A client complains that her eight-month-old pet blue and gold macaw, has started
biting her when she tries to take it out of its cage. Once the bird is out of the cage, it
seems to relax and no longer attempts to bite. The bird had been hand-reared, and is
the household’s only pet. It had been well-behaved up until recently when the owner
started a new job, necessitating the bird be confined to the cage during the day.
Answer all parts of this question:
a) Describe the process by which you would analyse this bird’s behaviour.
(10 marks)
b) Describe the likely outcome if nothing is done about this behaviour. (5 marks)
c) Discuss the principles of the training that should be recommended to overcome
this problem. (15 marks)
Continued over page
Avian Medicine Paper 2 Page 3 of 4
© 2016 The Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists ABN 00 50 000894 208
3. A flock of backyard poultry is experiencing an outbreak of disease over the last
month. Approximately 30% of the birds have developed nodules and sores on the
face, combs and wattles. A few birds, have started mouth breathing and appear
dysphagic; some of these birds have died. On examination of the mouth-breathing
birds you notice severe halitosis and white plaques on the lining of the oropharynx.
Discuss how you would investigate this problem. In your answer include details of the
most likely diagnosis, other possible diagnoses, and your diagnostic approach. For
your most likely diagnosis, outline how you would confirm the diagnosis, its
transmission and aetiopathogenesis; your treatment; likely outcome; and future
prevention. (30 marks)
4. Answer both parts of this question:
a) You are presented with a 36-year-old female galah for lameness on both legs. On
physical examination you find that the bird weighs heavy, at 450 g. There are
calluses on the caudal aspect of both tibiotarsal-tarsometatarsus joints. There is
limited extension and flexion of these joints, as well as the femoro-tibiotarsal
joints. Describe your approach to diagnosing and treating this problem, including
short- and long-term management. (15 marks)
b) A canary breeder reports increased mortality in young birds (aged 6–10 months).
They become fluffed and lethargic, develop diarrhoea, and die within 3–5 days
of first showing clinical signs. Another vet had prescribed doxycycline water
medication but a two week course has failed to slow the outbreak. On physical
examination you find the affected birds are in good condition or only moderately
thin, with the abdomen slightly distended. The caudal margins of the liver are
visible caudal to the sternal margins, and the liver is palpably enlarged. Necropsy
shows hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, but no other lesions.
Answer all parts of this sub-question:
i. List the differential diagnoses that should be considered. (3 marks)
ii. The owner is concerned about costs associated with culture and
histopathology and can probably only afford one or the other. Discuss
what could be done to help decide how best to further investigate this
problem. (2 marks)
iii. For the most likely diagnosis, predict the findings you would expect to
make. Also include how you would treat this disease and what advice
you would give the client. (10 marks)
Continued over page
Avian Medicine Paper 2 Page 4 of 4
© 2016 The Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists ABN 00 50 000894 208
5. Endoscopy is an important tool for diagnosis and treatment in birds. Discuss patient
preparation and describe the diagnostic endoscopic approaches to the avian coelomic
cavity. Include in your answer the landmarks used to identify the entry portals, the
procedure used to gain entry, and the structures that can be visualised on each
approach. (30 marks)
6. Unicellular protozoa are a common cause of disease in companion and aviary birds.
Choose three (3) of the most important pathogenic avian protozoal infections of
parrots and provide the following:
a) Preferred sample for diagnostics and key identifying features that can be seen
microscopically for each of the three you have chosen.
(5 marks each, total 15 marks)
b) Preferred treatment, including dose rates, treatment duration, and prophylactic
protocols for each of the three you have chosen.
(5 marks each, total 15 marks)

WE WRITE ESSAYS FOR STUDENTS

Tell us about your assignment and we will find the best writer for your paper.

Write My Essay For Me

PLACE THIS ORDER OR A SIMILAR ORDER WITH LITE ESSAYS TODAY AND GET AN AMAZING DISCOUNT

The post Describe how to prepare for and perform the trans-sinus pinning technique used for the correction of wry (scissor) beak in a three-month-old blue and gold macaw appeared first on Cheapest Academic Custom Papers.